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The Instruments
In order to constructively move towards more permeability, national and European policy experts on education and training focus on two instruments:
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The recognition of professional qualification based on certification.
A major step is the “Directive on the Recognition of Professional Qualification”. This directive is by no means comprehensive and covers only specific professions – at present all non-ICT. But it gives guidance: In order to promote the free movement of professionals, while ensuring an adequate level of qualification, various professional associations and organisations or Member States should be able to propose common platforms at European level. In addition, common reference points are being established through the European Qualification Framework.
Frameworks are an important to tool to support recognition. They must facilitate the validation of informal and non-formal learning.
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Guidelines to award and systems to accumulate and transfer learning credits.
This process is based on the modularization of learning content and the transfer and accumulation of learning credit. The foundations are laid out in the Bologna and Copenhagen Process.
The next chapter will describe this in more detail.
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